The main railway accesses which serve the Port of Lisbon are the Cascais Line (western area), connected to the general railway network of the country through the Alcântara branch, which in turn is connected to the Northern Line. On the south bank of the River Tagus, in Barreiro, there is also a railroad which gives access to the South Line North Line (Lisbon-Oporto) on the North bank of the River Tagus and the South and Southwester Line (Barreiro-Faro) on the South bank to access the Algarve.

Access from the Port of Lisbon to other countries in the European Continent is established via the Northern Line which is connected to the Minho Line (Oporto-Valença) to reach the northwest of Spain; to the Beira Alta Line (Pampilhosa-Vilar Formoso) to get to the Centre and North of Spain, as well as the rest of Europe; and to the Cáceres (Entroncamento-Portalegre-Cáceres) branch with direct connection to the Spanish border and Madrid.